VIOLAL.VIOLET

VIOLAL. - VIOLET

Scientific Description:

Annual or perennial herbs. Stipules entire, toothed or pinnatifid, sometimes resembling the leaves. Flowers solitary, zygomorphic. Sepals with backwardly directed, truncate appendages. Lower petal spurred. Stamens 5, with the connectives enlarged into scales, the two lower with appendages extending into the corolla spur. Fruit a 3-valved capsule.

Reference:

Coode MJE & Cullen J (1965). Viola L., In: Davis PH (ed.), Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands, Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh, 1: 524.

Public Description:

Viola, is a genus of annual or perennial herbs, commonly known as “violet”, and is found in the temperate Northern Hemisphere; however, some are also found in widely divergent areas such as Hawaii, Australasia, and the Andes. There are approximately 478 species in the world and 32 species (37 taxa) in Türkiye. Large number of species, varieties and cultivars are grown in gardens for their ornamental flowers. Many varieties of violet cultivars, mainly " Johnny Jump up or heartsease (Viola tricolor L.)", have been produced and are widely used especially as outdoor ornamental plants.

References:

Anonymous 1 (2016). https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viola_(plant)/Accessed date: 24.11.2016.

Anonymous 2 (2016). http://www.theplantlist.org/1.1/browse/A/Violaceae/Viola//Accessed date: 24.11.2016.

Anonymous 3 (2016). https://gobotany.newenglandwild.org/search/?q=viola/Accessed date: 24.11.2016.

Dinç M (2012) Viola L., In: Güner, A., Aslan, S., Ekim, T., Vural, M. & Babaç, M.T. (eds.), Türkiye Bitkileri Listesi (Damarlı Bitkiler). Nezahat Gökyiğit Botanik Bahçesi ve Flora Araştırmaları Derneği Yayını. İstanbul, pp. 882–884.