SANICULA L. - SANICLE
Scientific Description:
Erect, glabrous perennials with short rootstocks, without a fibrous collar, and with palmately divided, ± orbicular, cordate, mostly basal leaves. Inflorescence apparently a compound umbel. Floral leaves, bracts and bracteoles present. Umbellules dense, ± globose. Sepals present, triangular, persistent in fruit. Petals white or pinkish. Fruit ovate-orbicular, slightly laterally compressed, densely covered in hooked bristles. Ridges inconspicuous. Dorsal vittae 3, commissural 2. Carpophore absent.
Reference:
Hedge IC & Lamond JM (1972). Sanicula L., In: Davis PH (ed.), Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands, Edinburgh University Press, Edinurgh, 4: 289.
Public Description:
Sanicula is a genus of perennial herbs, commonly known as “sanicle” or “black snakeroot”, and is native to North and West Europe to Mediterranean region, Caucasus, West Siberia, North Iran, India, Malaysia, Tropical and South Africa. There are approximately 44 species in the world and 1 species (1 taxon) in Türkiye. They have white or pinkish flowers and are widespread in shady places and woodland. The name of “Sanicula” comes from Latin word “sanus” meaning “healthy”. Some species contains saponins which shows activity of antibacterial, antifungal and haemolytic. Sanicle (S. europaea L.) has anti-influenza A properties.
References:
Anonymous 1 (2015). https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sanicula, Accessed date: 21.12.2015.
Anonymous 2 (2015). http://www.theplantlist.org/1.1/browse/A/Apiaceae/Sanicula/ Accessed date: 21.12.2015.
Turan K, Özbaş Turan S, Kuru A (1999). Sanicula europaea L. Rizomlarından Hazırlanan Sulu Ekstraktların Anti-İnfluenza Virus Aktivitesi. Tr. J. of Biology
23: 369–376.
Menemen Y (2012). Sanicula L., In: Güner, A., Aslan, S., Ekim, T., Vural, M. & Babaç, M.T. (eds.), Türkiye Bitkileri Listesi (Damarlı Bitkiler). Nezahat Gökyiğit Botanik Bahçesi ve Flora Araştırmaları Derneği Yayını. İstanbul, pp. 77.
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