SALVIAL.SAGE

SALVIAL. - SAGE

Scientific Description:

Herbaceous, suffruticose or shrubby perennials, rarely biennial or annual, often strongly aromatic. Stems erect or procumbent, glandular, eglandular or glabrous. Leaves undivided, lyrate or pinnatisect. Inflorescence of variously arranged cymes. Verticillasters (l−)2−10(−40)-flowered, distant or approximating. Calyx campanulate, infundibular or tubular, bilabiate; upper lip tridentate, absoletely so or subentire; lower bidentate; fruiting calyces slightly or clearly expanded in fruit and then membranous. Corollas white, yellow, pink, blue or violet, bilabiate; upper lip straight to falcate; lower lip 3-lobed with a broad concave middle lobe and two small lateral lobes; tube straight or curved, invaginated, or ventricose, annulate or not, squamulate or not. Stamens 2, with a short filament and a ± short or much elongated connective bearing at the upper and a fertile theca and, at the lower end, either a smaller fertile or subfertile theca [stamen type A] or variously shaped sterile tissue [stamen type B]; stamens normally articulating at junction of filament and connective, rarely not [stamen type C]; staminodes (posterior pair of stamens) always present, small. Style 2-lobed. Nutlets glabrous, ovoid, trigonous, to suborbicular, often producing mucilage on wetting.

Reference:

Hedge IC (1982). Salvia L., In: Davis PH (ed.), Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands, Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh, 7: 400.

Public Description:

Salvia is a genus of herbaceous, suffruticose or shrubby perennials, rarely biennial or annuals known as “sage”, and is native to Central and South America, Central and Eastern Asia and Mediterranean region. There are approximately 986 species in the world and 99 species (106 taxa) in Türkiye. The flowers are generally produce a showy display with flower colors ranging from white, yellow, pink, blue or violet. Many members of Salvia have trichomes (hairs) growing on the leaves, stems, and flowers, which help to reduce water loss in some species. Sometimes the hairs are glandular and secrete volatile oils that typically give a distinct aroma to the plant. Many species are used as ornamental plants for their aromatic foliage. Sages secrete aromatic essential oils. Some species are used in folk medicine, while while some species are consumed as tea.

References:

Anonymous 1 (2016). https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salvia, Accessed date: 17.02.2016.

Anonymous 2 (2016). http://www.theplantlist.org/1.1/browse/A/Lamiaceae/Salvia/, Accessed date: 17.02.2016.

Celep F, Kahraman A (2012). Salvia L., In: Güner, A., Aslan, S., Ekim, T., Vural, M. & Babaç, M.T. (eds.), Türkiye Bitkileri Listesi (Damarlı Bitkiler). Nezahat Gökyiğit Botanik Bahçesi ve Flora Araştırmaları Derneği Yayını. İstanbul, pp. 575–584.