ANTHEMISL. - CHAMOMILE
Scientific Description:
Annual, biennial or perennial herbs, sometimes suffruticose or small shrubs, sparsely or densely pubescent or sericeous. Stems simple or branched. Leaves usually 1−3-pinnatisect, rarely simple; primary segments usually 3, sometimes more, divided pinnately, pectinately or palmately into lobes. Capitula solitary on ± naked peduncles, radiate or discoid. Involucre hemispherical to turbinate or shortly cylindrical; phyllaries imbricate, usually 3-seriate, inner at least generally narrowly or broadly scarious-margined. Receptacle convex or conical; paleae linear-lanceolate, subulate or oblanceolate, scarious or cartilaginous, acute, mucronate or acuminate at apex, generally as long as disc flowers, sometimes longer. Ray flowers usually fertile; ligules white or yellow, rarely purplish, corolla tubes sometimes persistent on achenes. Disc flowers tubular, 5-dentate, yellow, rarely purplish, corollas sometimes inflated at base but not saccate. Achenes usually obconical, terete or squarish in section, sometimes dorsiventrally compressed, smooth, ribbed or tuberculate. Pappus absent or rim at apex of achene elevated to form a corona or posterior side elongated to form a rounded or strap-shaped auricle.
Reference:
Grierson AJC & Yavin Z (1975). Anthemis L., In: Davis PH (ed.), Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands, Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh, 5: 174.
Public Description:
Anthemis is a genus of annual, biennial or perennial herbs, known as “chamomile” or “corn chamomile”, and is native to the Mediterranean region and southwest Asia east to Iran. There are approximately 178 species in the world and 35 species (57 taxa) in Türkiye. Several species of Anthemis are cultivated as garden ornamentals. All of Anthemis species are called “”papatya” in Türkiye and these plants extensively used in Turkish folk medicine for the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders, hemorrhoid, stomach ache and kidney stones. Many Anthemis species are used as herbal tea and for food flavoring, as well as cosmetics and in the pharmaceutical industry. The stinking chamomile (Anthemis cotula L.) is a strong-smelling herb that has been used in medicines and insecticides.
References:
Anonymous 1 (2016). https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anthemis, Accessed date: 05.01.2016.
Anonymous 2 (2016). http://www.britannica.com/plant/Anthemis, Accessed date: 05.01.2016.
Anonymous 3 (2016). http://www.theplantlist.org/1.1/browse/A/Compositae/Anthemis/, Accessed date: 05.01.2016.
Özbek U M (2012). Anthemis L., In: Güner, A., Aslan, S., Ekim, T., Vural, M. & Babaç, M.T. (eds.), Türkiye Bitkileri Listesi (Damarlı Bitkiler). Nezahat Gökyiğit Botanik Bahçesi ve Flora Araştırmaları Derneği Yayını. İstanbul, pp. 114–118.
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