HYOSCYAMUSL. - HENBANE
Scientific Description:
Annual, biennial or perennial herbs, villous or glabrescent. Leaves entire to pinnatipartite. Flowers weakly zygomorphic, in bracteate spikes or racemes. Calyx tubular-campanulate, 5-dentate, accrescent in fruit. Corolla infundibular to campanulate, limb oblique. Stamens inserted near base of corolla, exserted or not. Fruit an operculate capsule, shorter than calyx.
Reference:
Baytop A (1978). Hyoscyamus L., In: Davis PH (ed.), Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands, Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh, 6: 453.
Public Description:
Hyoscyamus is a genus of annual, biennial or perennial herbs, known as “henbane”,and is native to Western Europe, Northern Africa, South-western and Central Asia and China. There are 10 species in the world and 6 species (6 taxa) in Türkiye. Henbane, along with other genera in the same family, is a source of the drug “hyoscyamine”. “Hyoscyamine” is used to provide symptomatic relief to various gastrointestinal disorders including spasms, peptic ulcers, irritable bowel syndrome, diverticulitis, pancreatitis, colic and cystitis. However, due to the toxic alkaloids contained, taking a slightly higher dose from a medical dose can cause loss of consciousness and result in death.
References:
Anonymous 1 (2018) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyoscyamine/, Accessed date: 04.02.2018.
Anonymous 2 (2016) Mabberley, D. J. 2008. Mabberley’s Plant-book A portable dictionary of plants their classification and uses. (3rd edition). Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, U.K. /,Accessed date: 06.11.2016.
Anonymous 3 (2016) http://www.theplantlist.org/1.1/browse/A/Solanaceae/Hyoscyamus//,Accessed date: 06.11.2016.
Güner A (2012) Hyoscyamus L., In: Güner, A., Aslan, S., Ekim, T., Vural, M. & Babaç, M.T. (eds.), Türkiye Bitkileri Listesi (Damarlı Bitkiler). Nezahat Gökyiğit Botanik Bahçesi ve Flora Araştırmaları Derneği Yayını. İstanbul, pp. 872.
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